The challenges religion encounters today are multiple and multifaceted. Their major specificity is fast transformation and mutation. The discourses about inter-faith, interreligious dialogue and multiple realities might have remained actual on condition that more tangible and empirical approaches are put forward. The most actual challenges are wars, resettlements, crises on the hand, and novel ethical and axiological issues on the other hand. When one studies the response of religion(s) to contemporary challenges, one has to take into account geopolitical, cultural, customal poliphony. TheoLab’s team aims at classifying such challenges in Armenia, comparing them with similar challenges in other areas, revealing the mechanisms of localization of the challenges, examining the variants of past and modelling potential responses of religion(s) to modern challenges.